Social Insurance Law

Definition of social insurance

It is known that there are various forms or types of insurance. Starting from insurance Terrorism, Social insurance, commercial insurance, accident insurance, and other insurance. In fact, insurance that is in line with Islamic Sharia is insurance that is built on the principle ancient (help), help others, and mutual cooperation. This is certainly a form of implementation of God’s Word Story,

And they are working with truth and piety, and not working with the perpetrators and enemies.

“… please help (do) good and piety, and do not help in sin and hostility. Fear God, because God is very heavy.” (Surah Al-Maidah: 2)

And also the form of implementation of the Prophet’s words sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam,

Believers for people believers, like both children, tighten each other.

“The believer of the believer is like a building, which is each other strengthens each other. ” (Muttafaqun ‘alaih)

Thus ordered by Allah Story and the messenger Shoullahu ‘alaihi wasallam to help each other between fellow Muslims. Of course, there are so many benefits obtained from the help.

Social insurance, which in Arabic is called التأمين الإجتماعي (again al-hijtima’i)is one of the types of insurance that develops in various forms. In fact, insurance with models like this is not much different from insurance that is Terror.

When viewed from the definition, social insurance is,

It is insurance by the state and oversees unintentional profits

“Namely the type of insurance that is held and supervised by the state without the purpose of taking advantage.” [1]

Therefore, social insurance is insurance that provides social security for community members formed by the government based on regulations governing the relationship between the insurance and all groups of people. [2]

Social insurance itself has a variety of models and forms, which are broadly divided into two, namely insurance in the form of loss and life. Of these two types, it is divided into several models.

Social insurance model

Of the two types above, social insurance models become diverse. The following are,

Social insurance

Is a compensation given to employees if he has an accident, illness, disability, disability, or when it has reached old age. In return, of course, in the form of salary cuts every month, or contributions issued.

Pension insurance

Usually, pension funds are taken from contributions every month or a certain period of time as a form of insurance for the end of the work period, for the future given when the work period has ended or after working for a certain period. This is different, of course, between the policies of one company and another company.

Health Insurance

Namely the form of one of the social insurance, where the state bears the medical expenses needed by the sick employee and employees pay contributions every month.

And other insurance, where all these insurance is managed by the state, not by a company or on the name of a personal. So that the country has the authority to manage and manage it.

Usually, insurance with this form is required by a country. It even became the main policy, because this returned for the public interest and for the benefit of the community in a country.

In payment of this insurance, workers, employers, and the state generally contribute to the sustainability of this social insurance. Even the state gives more than the portion that should be compared to the party it guarantees.

Social Insurance Law

Of course, it can be understood that social insurance is actually the law may be and change. Even the majority of scholars in this day and age may be this kind of social insurance. Of course, with the conditions and conditions that must be met.

Keep in mind the reason why social insurance is allowed [3],

First, This social insurance is purely not aimed at taking advantage. The advantage actually returns to employees or who participate in this insurance. Unlike the case with commercial insurance whose main purpose is to take advantage, which is certainly very difficult if the goal is so to be separated from the bondage of usury, Ghararand gambling.

Second, Social insurance is actually included from the obligations charged to the state to protect and protect its people. Especially if they are elderly and sick. Of course policies like this are very helpful for their people to face difficulties, so that the benefit arises from it. Therefore, the nominal additions given by the true state are not a type of usury or Gharar. Even that is an obligation.

Third, Social insurance is actually almost the same as insurance Terror (help) which is allowed on the basis of the agreement of the scholars. Because the relationship between the people and the state is ancient (please help), not to take mutual profit. So that the main objective of the procurement of social insurance, is the mutual benefit. Not for personal benefit, moreover the benefit of a company.

Social insurance requirements

Among the most important conditions in this social insurance are:

(1) The main purpose of this social insurance is help-help, not to take personal benefits.

(2) managed by the state, not a particular person or company.

(3) Managed in a trustworthy manner, because the funds managed are community funds, not private property.

(4) There is no usury element, Gharar, and gambling.

Hope it is useful. Wallahu a’lam.

Also read: Insurance in Sharia Scales

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Depok, 1 Dzulqa’dah 1446H / 29 April 2025

Writer: Zia Abdurrofi

Article Muslim.or.id

Reference:

(1) In general, this discussion is summarized from the website: and brochure doctoral Al-Ahkam At-Tabi’yyah Li’uqudi At-Tain, Dr. Ahmad bin Hamd.

(2) Aqdu at-tamin at-tijariy litth Dr. Muhammad bin Hasan bin Abdul Aziz Alu Syekh.

and some other references

Footnote:

[1]

[2]

[3] Summarized from Al-Ahkam At-Tabi’yyah Li’uqudi At-Tain, matter. 181; and Islamic website.info