Usury Law in Islam

In the previous series, we discussed the definition of usury. Knowing the law of usury itself is of course no less important, so that something that may still be vague for some Muslims can clearly see what is halal and haram.

The benefit is, when it is halal, it can (may) be done; and when it is haram, it is shunned. Unfortunately, there are still many Muslims who already know the law of usury itself, but still find it difficult to abandon it. “If I don’t eat riba, what will my family eat?” “I know usury is haram, but can you give me something to eat?” And statements other.

Perhaps this stems from knowledge about usury which is still only superficial, or is just a mere rumor heard from some people who convey it. So it was forced statement it has to come out.

Usury Law in Islam

It should be noted that jurisprudence experts agree that usury law is illegal. Ibn Qudamah God bless said deeply Al-Mughni,

There are two types of usury, namely credit usury and credit usury, and experts agree that both are prohibited.

“There are two types of usury: usury fadhl and usury nasi’ah, and scientific experts (ulama) have agreed on the prohibition of both.”

This is in line with God’s word Knocking,

And Allah has permitted buying and selling and prohibited usury.

“Even though Allah has permitted buying and selling and prohibited usury.” (QS. Al-Baqarah: 275)

In the Qur’an, Allah Story Never challenge someone to war except the person who continues to indulge in usury after the warning comes. As the word of God Knocking,

O you who believe, fear Allah and abandon the remainder of usury, if you believe, but if you do not believe, then they rebel, so they declare war from Allah and His Messenger, and if you repent, then you will have the heads of your mothers and yourselves. You will not be wronged or wronged.

“O you who believe! Fear Allah and abandon the remainder of usury (which has not been collected) if you are believers. If you do not do so, then declare war on Allah and His Messenger. (QS. Al-Baqarah: 278-279)

Ibn Kathir in his interpretation stated the reasons for the revelation of the above verse. This means that this verse was revealed to Bani ‘Amr bin ‘Umair from Tsaqif and Bani Al-Mughirah from Bani Makhzum. Between the two quarters, there used to be ignorant usury transactions. When Islam came and they converted to Islam, Tsaqif demanded that he be able to take (the remaining usury) from them (Bani Al-Mughirah). (Tafsir Ibn Kathir surah Al-Baqarah verses 278-279)

Then they deliberated, Bani Al-Mughirah said, “We will not pay usury in Islam.” So ‘Attab bin Asid (deputy governor of Mecca) wrote this to the Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam. Then the verse above came down.

They said, “We all repented to Allah, and we renounced the remains of usury.” They left everything behind.

So this is a very harsh threat for people who continue to indulge in usury, drown in usury, and continue to enjoy it after the warning comes. Namely, a war challenge from Allah Story directly.

There is even one base from Ibn Abbas radiyallahu ‘anhu, he says,

On the Day of Resurrection it will be said to those who consume usury: Take your weapons to war. Then he recited: “And if you do not do so, then ask permission to fight from Allah and His Messenger.”

“On the Day of Resurrection it will be said to those who forbid usury, ‘Take up your weapons to fight (with God).’ Then Ibn ‘Abbas read the words of Allah Ta’ala, ‘If you do not carry it out, then declare war on Allah and His Messenger’.” (Tafsir Ibn Kathir)

It doesn’t stop there, Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam states that usury is one of the seven things that destroy. From Abu Hurairah radiyallahu ‘anhu, Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam said,

Avoid the seven evils. It was said: O Messenger of Allah, and what is that? He said: Associating other people with Allah, black magic, killing spirits which Allah has forbidden except the pious, consuming usury, devouring the wealth of orphans, following each other on the day of war, and slandering women who are pure, heedless and believers.

“Avoid the seven destructive things!” The Messenger of Allah asked, ‘What is it, Rasulullah’? He answered, “Shirk (associating partners with God), black magic, killing souls which Allah has forbidden to kill except for valid reasons, eat usurydevouring the wealth of orphans, fleeing from the battlefield, and accusing good (pure) women, those who are heedless (accusing), but faithful (with accusations of adultery).” (Muttafaqun ‘alaih)

In fact, usury is one of the biggest major sins. In the hadith of Abdullah bin Mas’ud radiyallahu ‘anhu, Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam said,

There are seventy-three articles on usury, the easiest of which is like a man having sex with his mother, and the most common usury is an offer from Muslim men.

“Usury has seventy-three doors. The lightest (sin) is like committing adultery with one’s own mother. And indeed the biggest (most heinous) usury is (damaging) the honor of a Muslim.” (HR. Al-Hakim and ratified by Sheikh Al-Albani)

Don’t even be half-hearted, Prophet sallallaahu ‘alaihi wa sallam including usury eaters and people who participate and assist in usury transactions with prayer to be kept away from Allah’s mercy. Knocking,

Rasulullah SAW, cursed the person who consumed usury, the person who paid it, the person who wrote it down, and the two people who witnessed it, saying: They are all the same.

“The Messenger of Allah, SAW, cursed the moneylender, the person who represented him, the person who wrote it, and the two witnesses. Then the Prophet SAW, said, ‘They are all the same.'” (HR. Muslim)

This is one of the arguments that explains the prohibition of usury as clearly as possible. Accompanied by threats and torture for those who still consume usury, even though the knowledge has reached them.

God willing Story keep us all and our families from consuming haram wealth, and may Allah keep us all from usury. God bless.

[Bersambung]

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Dear, Age 22 No

Writer: Zia Abdurrofi

Article Muslim.or.id

Reference:

Extracted from the book Fiqhul Muamalat Al-Maaliyah Al-Muyassar, the work of Dr. Abdurrahman bin Hamur Al-Muthiriy and Tafsir Ibn Kathir.