What news did the Quraiys make a fuss about?

Letter Dava is letter number 78 in the Al-Qur’an which is the opening of the most popular juz for Muslims in Indonesia or perhaps even in the world, namely juz 30. Juz 30 in the Al-Qur’an also gets the name Juz Amma because it opens with the first verse of this letter.

Letter Dava has meaning “news”. As for other names mentioned by scholars, among them are surahs ‘But, surah ‘Amma yatasa’alun, surah At-Tasaul, and suras Al-Mu’shirot. (Tafsir Ruhul Ma’ani, 15: 201)

This surah is also categorized as a surah Mecca, namely the surah that was revealed to the Prophet before he emigrated to the city of Medina. (Tafsir Ruhul Ma’ani, 15: 201)

Asbabun nuzul or the reason for the revelation of this surah was because when the Prophet Muhammad was sent as a Prophet and Messenger, the polytheists of Quraish questioned each other. It was narrated by Ibnu Jarir and Abu Hatim from Hasan Al-Basri that,

When Rasulullah SAW was sent, they began to ask each other questions, so it was revealed: What were they asking about the good news?

“When the Prophet Muhammad May Allah bless him and grant him peace was made a Prophet, they asked about him. Then the verse came down They wondered about the good news” (Munir’s interpretation, 30:9)

In interpretation Bahrul Muhits, Imam Abu Hayyan Al-Andalusi explained the reason for the revelation of this letter,

It is narrated that when he, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was sent, he caused the polytheists to wonder among themselves and say: What does he bring? And they argued about what he had been sent with, so he was sent down

“When the Prophet Muhammad May Allah bless him and grant him peace appointed as a Prophet, they wondered, “what teachings does he bring?” They also argued about the teachings he brought. So Allah sent down this letter.” (Tafsir Bahrul Muhith, 10:11)

Letter Dava has several themes contained in it, there are at least four major themes covered.

First, The theme is about polytheists who question and debate about the Day of Judgment. This is in verses 1-4.

Second, The theme is about clear propositions and instructions regarding the existence of the Day of Judgment, namely that Allah can create this universe from nothing, so Allah is also able to resurrect it after death. This is in verses 6-16.

Third, tells of the Day of Judgment and one of its names, namely the Day of Separation. This is in verses 17-20.

Fourth, tells about the punishment threatened to disbelievers and the promise of unlimited enjoyment of heaven for Muslims. This is in verse 21 until the end. (Munir’s interpretation, 30:6)

Interpretation of the first verse

Allah Exalted said,

They wonder about you

“What are they asking each other about?”

Allah Story opens this surah with a question, “What are they asking about?” However, of course it doesn’t mean that God doesn’t know what they are asking, in fact we have to be 100% sure that God knows what they are asking.

So, why does Allah use question words?

This is where it is necessary to reflect on the beauty of language and fluent from the Qur’an when we reflect on it. Imam Baghawi and Imam Nasafi explained that Allah opened this verse in the form of a question, but not in the sense that Allah does not know, but in the form of a question. tafkhim, namely to show a form of glorification and majesty regarding the problems that are being discussed and debated by the polytheists. (Ma’alimut Tanzil, 5: 199 and Madarikut Tanzil, 3: 589)

The question of polytheists arose after the Prophet Muhammad May Allah bless him and grant him peace explained to them about monotheism, the news of resurrection after death, and read to them verses from the Koran. Because this is foreign to them, so they question it (Ma’alimut Tanzil, 5: 199). Because it’s in shape tafkhimSo this shows that all the teachings brought by the Prophet were very great things, even though they seemed small, such as matters of daily etiquette or light daily prayers.

The question in this verse can also be meaningful Not a Psalm, namely the feeling of surprise from people who hear a commotion. This, if we explain it, arises out of astonishment, how could the polytheists of Quraish deny and ridicule the Prophet’s teachings regarding the coming of the day of judgment? (Shafwatut Tafsir, 3: 482)

Also read: Knowing Surah Al-Lahab and Evidence that the Al-Quran is Not the Writing of the Prophet Muhammad SAW

Interpretation of the second verse

Allah Exalted said,

About the great prophet

“About the good news (resurrection day).”

Ibn Kathir God bless in his interpretation explains that this verse is related to the Day of Judgment,

Namely: What are they asking? Regarding the matter of the Resurrection which is good news, it means: powerful, powerful and dazzling news.

Qatada and Ibn Zaid said: The good news: resurrection after death.

“What are they asking about? Namely about the Day of Judgment, that is the big news referred to in the verse. Namely the news about a very terrible and frightening day. This opinion is supported by Qatadah and Ibnu Zaid that the big news referred to is resurrection after death.” (Tafsir Ibn Kathir, 3: 459)

Interpretation of the third verse

Allah Exalted said,

Where they differ

“That’s where they disagree.”

Imam Mawardi in his interpretation The-Notka without Al-‘Uun explains that polytheists do not hesitate in matters of death, they know and are sure that everyone will die. However, what they are arguing about here is about resurrection after death. Muslims believe that after death there will be life after; As for the polytheists, they do not believe that they will be resurrected again.” (The-Numkat left ‘UBAN, 6: 182)

The thought of polytheists is that after death, life is finished. One of the things that causes them to have these thoughts is that they have been wallowing in injustice for too long, so they feel very afraid that they will be resurrected again and have to be responsible for their actions.

Sheikh Abdurrahman As-Sa’di God bless in the Taisir Kalimir Rahman explain,

It is news that does not give rise to doubt and is not filled with doubt, but those who deny meeting their Lord will not believe, even though all signs come to them until they see the painful torment.

“The thing that the polytheists dispute is a big news that there is no doubt that it will come. However, those who deny the day of meeting their Rabb, they do not believe, even though various verses come to them. Until finally, a very terrible punishment comes to them (then they believe, but it is too late).” (Taishir Karimir Rahman, matter. 906)

Interpretation of the fourth and fifth verses

Allah Exalted said,

They’ll both know, then they’ll both know.

“Absolutely not! They will find out. Again, no! They will.”

But be assured, that later on the Day of Judgment they will know that what the Messenger of Allah brought was the truth. When they see the terrible punishment, there is no place to return to, no more time to repent and admit their mistakes, only a burning hell will remain that will devour and burn them until they are charred, inhabited by angels who will not hesitate to torture them sadistically. Only then, did they truly believe it.

Sheikh Abdurrahman As-Sa’di God bless explain,

Namely: They will know when torment befalls them, that they lied about it, when they are called to the fire of Hell.

“The polytheists will know the true nature of the Day of Judgment when the torment of doom comes to them. The painful torment that they previously denied. When they are dragged into hell.” (Taishir Karimir Rahman, matter. 906)

That is a simple interpretation that we can convey to readers. Wait for the next series of interpretations, jazakumullahu khairan.

Also read: Tafsir of Surah Al-Fatihah

[Bersambung]

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Writer: Dany Indra Permana

Article Muslim.or.id

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Additional note: all references are taken from the web https://app.turath.io/