Fatwa of Sheikh Muhammad Ali Ferkous
Question:
A woman usually breaks the fast (not fasting) one or two days in the month of Ramadan after the cessation of menstruation in the first four years after she reaches puberty (the start of menstruation). He did that because he didn’t know sharia law. Is that sinful? Is it mandatory to fast? May God reward you with goodness.
Answer:
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds. Sholawat and greetings are poured out on the person sent by Allah as a mercy to the whole world, as well as to his family, friends and relatives until the day of judgment. But not.
If a woman is actually able to obtain knowledge about Sharia law, but she does not try to find it by asking, then she is sinning. This is based on the word of God Exalted,
Then, if you don’t already know, then the Reminders.
“So ask people who have knowledge, if you don’t know.” (QS. An-Nahl: 43; Al-Anbiya: 7)
His ignorance of Sharia law is unacceptable based on the rules, “In Islamic countries, the excuse of ignorance of Sharia law is not accepted.”
Therefore, it is mandatory to carry out fasting which is his responsibility. This is based on the Prophet ﷺ’s command to people who deliberately have sex with their wives on the day of Ramadan, he said, “Just fast for one day.” (HR. Ibnu Majah no. 1671, 1: 534)
In the history of Abu Dawud it is stated, “Eat it with your family, then fast one day, and ask God for forgiveness.” (HR. Abu Dawud no. 2393, 2: 786)
It can also—as a preventative measure—make a difference fidyah because he postponed the qadha, following some of the practices of his companions May God bless them.
However, if he is unable to obtain knowledge about Sharia law because he is far from an Islamic country, or he is unable to study and know it, then ignorance of the law can be a forgivable reason. This is because:
- “The law of an order does not apply except after notification has been received.”
- “There is no legal burden when someone doesn’t know.”
Thus, he is not blamed for sin, because sin is related to intent and intention. A person who does not know is considered to have no knowledge or intention to violate the law, so there is no sin for him. Prayer is also not mandatory, except as a form of caution towards one’s religion. This is because these obligations do not apply to him due to lack of knowledge and because the time of his order has passed.
Ibn Taymiyyah May God forgive him said, “Circumstances that prevent the obligation to qadha regarding abandoned obligations or violated prohibitions are: visible disbelief, hidden disbelief, original disbelief, disbelief due to apostasy, and ignorance which is excused because the command (shari’ah) is not conveyed, or because there is an interpretation (ta’wil) based on ijtihad or taqlid.” (Majmu’ Fatawa, 22:23)
This is different from people who forget, fall asleep, make mistakes, and the like who ignore obligations that are limited by time. In their case, sins are forgiven based on the agreement of the ulama, but they are still obliged to make up for it. This is because they previously knew about the Sharia law in the form of these obligations which already applied to them, but it was only hindered by sleep or forgetfulness, or was imperfect due to mistakes – unless there was a special argument that invalidated the qadha obligation.
In matters of fasting there are exceptions based on the hadith narrated by Abu Hurairah May God be pleased with him that the Prophet ﷺ said, “Whoever eats because he forgot to fast, he should complete his fast, for indeed Allah is the One who gives him food and drink.” (Muttafaq ‘alaih)
In another narrative, “Whoever breaks the fast during the month of Ramadan because he forgot, then there is no qadha and no kafarat on him.” (HR. Ibnu Khuzaimah no. 1990, 3: 239)
And true knowledge only exists in Allah Drug. The end of our prayer is: all praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds. May God bless our Prophet Muhammad May Allah bless him and grant him peaceto his family, friends and brothers until the Day of Judgment, and may Allah SWT grant him safety.
***
Translator: Junaidi Abu Isa
Article Muslim.or.id
Source:
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