The Secret of Fi’il After أَنْ Sometimes Marfu’, Sometimes Manshub

Letter That in nahwu science there are several different situations and laws. Sometimes fi’il mudhari’ after reading marfu’and sometimes read manshub. This discussion explains these differences along with examples in the Al-Qur’an and explanations from Nahwu scholars.

First condition

First condition occurs when letters That preceded by words that show the meaning of belief and certainty about something that will happen. For example, like saying science And Certain as well as other words that have similar meanings.

In situations like this, mail That referred to as an al-mukhaffafah min ats-tsaqilahnamely the light form of the letter That. The meaning of takhfif is to make reading easier, right down to the letter That transformed into That. Even though it has been lightened, the letter still has the same function That because it’s included akhawatu inna or brothers That. Therefore, the letter is still validmannersCan Name and me-rafa’-Can Hello.

The Nahwu scholars explain that an al-mukhaffafah has three important laws.

First law, Name from That which is a form takhfif from That is dhamir sya’n mahzufthat is conscience which is deleted and does not appear in the sentence. Dhamir sha’n is conscience which is located at the beginning of the sentence and functions to explain the content or problem contained in the sentence. Called dhamir sya’n Because conscience It symbolizes a situation or the meaning of a sentence.

In general, conscience go back to the previous word. However, dhamir sya’n actually return to the sentence that follows. Therefore, conscience is domiciled as mubtada or as Name-his, like That and his brothers and sisters as well He is and his brothers. Shaping dhamir sya’n just form He And he only, so it has no shape mutsanna or jama’ .

Second lawletter That thatrafa’-Can fi’il mudhari which is located after.

Third lawbetween letters That And fi’il mudhari after that there is a separator. The scholars stated that there are four types of separators, namely letters Possibleletter Q or willNegation letter like No, it won’t, And Noas well as letters If.

An example is the sentence:

I’m sure the bully will regret it

“I am sure that the unjust will regret it.”

In the example above, the word That is an al-mukhaffafah from That. As for Name from That that is dhamir sya’n which was deleted. Destiny in full is:

I’m sure the bully will regret it

Say That not written in the sentence because it has been deleted destiny. What is meant by conscience This is a situation or problem that the wrongdoer will regret.

As for the quantity:

Bullies will regret it

domiciled as Hello from Name which was deleted.

Another example is found in God’s word Exalted,

He knows that among you there will be people who are sick

“Allah knows that some of you are sick.” (QS. Al-Muzzammil: 20)

In that verse it says That including an al-mukhaffafah. Name-its form dhamir sya’n which was deleted. The full form is:

He knows that among you there will be people who are sick.

Letter Q on the word It will happen called letters descriptive perspectivenamely the letter that indicates the meaning “will”.

As for the word He is is fi’il mudhari’ I read from absolutely not. Its function is torafa’-Can Name and me-mannersCan Hello.

Explanation I’m Rab in the sentence is that word He is is fi’il mudhari naqish that’s how it works Name and me-mannersCan Hello. Name of the fi’il in the form of dhamir mustatir which goes back to the word Sick. As for the word From you domiciled as I’m wellwhile the word Sick is Isim mu’akhkhar which ends with the mention in the sentence structure.

Amount:

There will be patients among you

become Hello For Name That that was deleted It will happen represented as masdar muawwal which ranks as Maf’ul is from the word science.

Second condition

Second condition That al-mukhaffafah is when it is preceded by a word that contains a strong meaning of prejudice or suspicion, such as: He thinks, assumes, calculates. These three words have the meaning “to think” or “to think”.

In this condition, the Nahwu ulama had different opinions regarding the position That.

First opinion

Some scholars argue that That that is an al-mukhaffafah from That. Therefore, fi’il mudhari’ after reading marfu’.

Examples are found in God’s word Exalted,

They thought there would be no temptation

“And they thought that nothing disastrous would happen (to them).” (QS. Al-Ma’idah: 71)

According to the pastor qira’at Abu Amr al-Hamzah and Al-Kisa’i, said It will happen read marfu’ Because That considered a form takhfif from That.

Destiny in full is:

That there will be no temptation

So, said Count no longer means “think”, but means “believe” Certain. This is because of the letters That shows meaning tak’kid (affirmation), even though affirmation is more suitable for the meaning of belief than prejudice.

Second opinion

As for the four priests qira’at others read It will happen by reading manshub.

According to this opinion, That regarded as an al-mashdariyyah who works withmannersCan fi’il mudhari’. Because of that, fail after reading manshub. Based on this opinion, said Count remains in its original meaning, namely “prejudiced” or “doubtful”. Because That here it does not function as a firm letter tak’kidbut only as letters mashdariyyah.

Ibn Hisham’s statement,

If we preface these assumptions, there are two options

“At the time of the letter That preceded by words that show the meaning of prejudice, then there are two ways of reading against fi’il mudhari which lies after.”

First way, fi’il mudhari after the letter That read marfu’. In this case, letters That regarded as an al-mukhaffafah from That. Because it comes from Thatthen the letter doesn’t work for me-mannersCan fi’il mudhari. Thus, fi’il mudhari after that keep reading marfu’.

Second way, fi’il mudhari after the letter That read manshub. In this case, letters That regarded as an al-mashdariyyah that worked for me-mannersCan fi’il mudhari.

Third condition

Third condition letter That is not preceded by words that convey the meaning of belief or prejudice. However, the context of the sentence shows the meaning of doubt, hope, or strong desire. Under these circumstances, letters That must be an al-mashdariyyah whomannersCan fi’il mudhari afterwards.

An example sentence is:

I hope truth prevails

“I hope that truth prevails.”

For example, letters That is an al-mashdariyyah. Therefore, fi’il mudhari afterwards, that is win, read manshub.

Another example is found in God’s word Exalted,

By the One who I hope will forgive my sins on the Day of Judgment.

“And who I really hope will forgive my mistakes on the Day of Judgment.” (QS. Ash-Shu’ara: 82)

In that sentence, letters That also included an al-mashdariyyah because it shows the meaning of hope and desire. Therefore, fi’il mudhari He forgives read manshub.

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Writer: Rafi Nugraha

Article Muslim.or.id